Gamelan Ajeng Betawi
According to Kridalaksana et al. (2001:76), the gamelan is a traditional Javanese musical instrument made of bronze (a 3:10 mixture of tin and copper). This traditional musical instrument has two tones i.e. slendro and pelag. The slendro tone is used to describe feelings of joy, happiness, and liveliness. In contrast, pelag tone describes the feeling of sadness (Suzeng, 2013:75).
In a village on the island of Java, especially in DKI Jakarta, there is a dry colored gamelan known as gamelan ajeng. It is speculated that Azeng gamelan is a traditional combination which is a hybrid of Sudanese and Balinese gamelan (Saputra, et al 2014:10). These two fields influence the waditra used, as well as the fast and agile rhythms from the pentatonic tone DE-GA-C or re-mi-sol-la-do (Simanungkalit, 2008:28).
The gamelan ajeng was formerly used as a means of enlivening traditional life cycle ceremonies (marriage and circumcision) and post-harvest vows and thanksgiving (babarit/baritan). According to encyclopedia.jakarta-tourism.go.id, Gamelan Azeng was considered sacred at that time. Waditra, i.e. two large gongs (gong lanang and gong wadon), can only be played on a pazengan or a special platform up to two meters high.
Over time, the art, born as a form of satisfying people's need for beauty, served as an accompaniment to the Betawi Leather Dolls, Wong Betawi Dolls, Belengo Azeng Dance and Topeng Gong Dance. Also, it is used in several places to play Sudanese songs, including the Jaipong dance (warisan Budaya.kemdikbud.go.id).
The following are used as vaditra: gong, kramong, saran, kedemung, trumpet, percussion, kcrack and drum. The following are traditional musical instruments commonly used in Ajen gamelan ensembles:
k. the crown
A kramong is similar in shape to a bonang, a collection of 10 bronze or brass gongs "pecons" arranged in two rows on a crab stick. Inside the stamp are small boxes to hold the pecans with a tether attached to the bottom. Each row has five gongs with the first (outer) line sur-liuh-wu-kong-che noon and the second (inner) line tone che-kong-mun-liuh-wu. The kromong is sounded simultaneously between the outer and inner rows, using two long pieces of wood, the ends of which are wrapped in cloth or thread, to three beats: dilgu (according to the song), dikemprang/digembang and dikaruk/dekotek/mixed.
B Saran
Saran is shaped like a boat, with bronze, brass or iron blades on top. This instrument serves as a filler for the main melody of the ajeng gamelan. He plays by striking with a wooden instrument.
K. Kedemung
Can also be referred to as Kedemung or Demung which is shaped like a saran. Its function is only to accompany the saran as the main tone, as the resulting sound is a lower octave.
Kerek village
A kekreke consists of two to four panels of metal wigwams (iron, brass, bronze) arranged on wooden boards. This instrument, which acts as a rhythm setting and produces specific sound effects, is struck with a special hammer or small wooden stick to produce a creak-creak-creak sound.
My. the beat
The shape of the faucet is wild but flattering. The tap acts as an emphasis and balances the melody of the song.
F. Gong and Kempul
Gongs and kempuls are made of brass or bronze in the shape of a circle with a protruding center (knob). An approximately 85 cm long gong serves as the basic rhythmic rhythm, while an approximately 45 cm long kempul serves as the melodic parvatas rhythm. Oleg As gongs and kempuls are relatively large, they are usually hung on wooden gates. The trick is to make a hole in the side to attach the rope from wooden motifs carved with flowers, vines and a meter high dragon snake. The gong and kempul are sounded by striking the pommel from the side with a round, cloth-covered wooden stick.
chickpeas
The shape is generally that of a traditional five-hole trumpet with a slendro barrel and a do-ri-mi-sol-la sound. The function of the trumpet is to carry the original melody as well as a distinctive feature from other similar arts.
H Gendang
The drum or drum is made of wood in the form of a hollow cylinder which is inflated in the middle. The circular drum is covered at both bases with goat or buffalo skin which is not of the same size. Often referred to as a Nadelpepet, this type of drum shape serves as a rhythm control device. Each performance usually consists of a nadelpepet and one or two small drums called ktipung, tepak, tipluk or kulantar. The Puppet Skittle is placed in the front on a small wooden cross stand, while the Ketipung is on the left side or on the player's lap.
Hello. blessing
The shape of the bend is similar to a kempul (a circle with an elongated center) but is added to the kesemes, a tool used in the Belek drum industry of Bali and West Nusa Tenggara. Bende is made by striking a knob with a wooden stick without a cloth layer at the end of the swamp.
All these waditras are usually present in every gamelan ajeng performance. However, when the performance takes the form of a bride's procession or kitsune, they usually bring a few drums, especially the not-so-heavy ones (kenong, bende, kempul, and trumpet) while playing the sabil in the village.
Ajeng Betawi gamelan performance
For those who want to order gamelan ajeng, they come to the owner or group leader to negotiate the price, performance time and set performance duration. Upon reaching a contract, the customer hands over a certain amount of "deposit" (deposit) as a "signature".
Also, the manager collects player points to negotiate a pre-agreed delivery time with the customer. If a player cannot participate because his house is far enough away or famous among artists, he will come and pay some money as a porter. The goal is to time the player's performance.
When all players close, the group leader renegotiates the execution time with the customer. Especially when performing at a wedding, the client usually adjusts the gamelan ajeng performance schedule according to the arrival of potential in-laws. Or, if the seeker also invites other arts (single organ), then the performance time depends on the seeker's wishes (either before or after the other art's performance).
On D-Day, an hour and a half or two hours before, the Ageng Gamelan troop would arrive at the site. In the past they used only one pickup truck to transport all staff and Waditra Gamelan Azeng. Currently, when using a performance support sound system, at least two porters are required. The first car brought the players and the second car had Waditra, a sound system and some nice people.
At that time, the cantrikas arranged the sound system and the waditra in two rows on the stage. The front row consists of kramong, saran and gong, while the back row consists of kdemung, percussion, kekrek and trumpet. At the back of the sound system, the number of speakers depends on the width of the stage. Before the speaker sound system, the toa was used, placed next to the waditra clan.
After the waditra is installed and the ceremony begins, the management will perform a sort of ritual to ensure the smooth running of the ceremony. For the area in front of the sacred Waditra stockade called Gong Lanang and Wadon. The offerings ( prasad ) are triangular incense sticks, bitter coffee, sweet coffee, a glass of milk, seven types of flowers, bitter, sweet, a plate of side dishes, and rice and bananas. The offeror is the owner of the intention. So if the owner of the intention is classified as a rich person, then the victim can add Kakakak Hyam, several packs of kretek cigarettes and so on.
After the gamelan begins, a rhythmic Chepot (bend) ritual is struck with the opening song. Then it continues with Rengong Utican Hulls 1 and 2 songs as well as free songs (Chishu, Sioda, Metid, Menurun, Tabuhan Betawi, Taiyub, Kopior, Serondeng etc.) until it ends with the song Uti-Uti Uri (Uti-Uti Uri). Closes before sunset. The sun has set).
Later in the evening, the show started again with the Giro song as the opening act. Then came the simple free songs of Gamelan Azeng. When mukta songs are interspersed with nurup or supplicating songs. In this case listeners can request songs according to their choice. As a sign of intoxication, they give players a certain amount of money or cigarettes.
Around midnight, the Jurup ceremony ends when the song Spinning Top is played again. And with the end of the Giro song, the gamelan ajeng performance also ends. The players from the stage were replaced by Cantrik, which cleared the waditra and sound system. (Ali Guffran)
In a village on the island of Java, especially in DKI Jakarta, there is a dry colored gamelan known as gamelan ajeng. It is speculated that Azeng gamelan is a traditional combination which is a hybrid of Sudanese and Balinese gamelan (Saputra, et al 2014:10). These two fields influence the waditra used, as well as the fast and agile rhythms from the pentatonic tone DE-GA-C or re-mi-sol-la-do (Simanungkalit, 2008:28).
The gamelan ajeng was formerly used as a means of enlivening traditional life cycle ceremonies (marriage and circumcision) and post-harvest vows and thanksgiving (babarit/baritan). According to encyclopedia.jakarta-tourism.go.id, Gamelan Azeng was considered sacred at that time. Waditra, i.e. two large gongs (gong lanang and gong wadon), can only be played on a pazengan or a special platform up to two meters high.
Over time, the art, born as a form of satisfying people's need for beauty, served as an accompaniment to the Betawi Leather Dolls, Wong Betawi Dolls, Belengo Azeng Dance and Topeng Gong Dance. Also, it is used in several places to play Sudanese songs, including the Jaipong dance (warisan Budaya.kemdikbud.go.id).
The following are used as vaditra: gong, kramong, saran, kedemung, trumpet, percussion, kcrack and drum. The following are traditional musical instruments commonly used in Ajen gamelan ensembles:
k. the crown
A kramong is similar in shape to a bonang, a collection of 10 bronze or brass gongs "pecons" arranged in two rows on a crab stick. Inside the stamp are small boxes to hold the pecans with a tether attached to the bottom. Each row has five gongs with the first (outer) line sur-liuh-wu-kong-che noon and the second (inner) line tone che-kong-mun-liuh-wu. The kromong is sounded simultaneously between the outer and inner rows, using two long pieces of wood, the ends of which are wrapped in cloth or thread, to three beats: dilgu (according to the song), dikemprang/digembang and dikaruk/dekotek/mixed.
B Saran
Saran is shaped like a boat, with bronze, brass or iron blades on top. This instrument serves as a filler for the main melody of the ajeng gamelan. He plays by striking with a wooden instrument.
K. Kedemung
Can also be referred to as Kedemung or Demung which is shaped like a saran. Its function is only to accompany the saran as the main tone, as the resulting sound is a lower octave.
Kerek village
A kekreke consists of two to four panels of metal wigwams (iron, brass, bronze) arranged on wooden boards. This instrument, which acts as a rhythm setting and produces specific sound effects, is struck with a special hammer or small wooden stick to produce a creak-creak-creak sound.
My. the beat
The shape of the faucet is wild but flattering. The tap acts as an emphasis and balances the melody of the song.
F. Gong and Kempul
Gongs and kempuls are made of brass or bronze in the shape of a circle with a protruding center (knob). An approximately 85 cm long gong serves as the basic rhythmic rhythm, while an approximately 45 cm long kempul serves as the melodic parvatas rhythm. Oleg As gongs and kempuls are relatively large, they are usually hung on wooden gates. The trick is to make a hole in the side to attach the rope from wooden motifs carved with flowers, vines and a meter high dragon snake. The gong and kempul are sounded by striking the pommel from the side with a round, cloth-covered wooden stick.
chickpeas
The shape is generally that of a traditional five-hole trumpet with a slendro barrel and a do-ri-mi-sol-la sound. The function of the trumpet is to carry the original melody as well as a distinctive feature from other similar arts.
H Gendang
The drum or drum is made of wood in the form of a hollow cylinder which is inflated in the middle. The circular drum is covered at both bases with goat or buffalo skin which is not of the same size. Often referred to as a Nadelpepet, this type of drum shape serves as a rhythm control device. Each performance usually consists of a nadelpepet and one or two small drums called ktipung, tepak, tipluk or kulantar. The Puppet Skittle is placed in the front on a small wooden cross stand, while the Ketipung is on the left side or on the player's lap.
Hello. blessing
The shape of the bend is similar to a kempul (a circle with an elongated center) but is added to the kesemes, a tool used in the Belek drum industry of Bali and West Nusa Tenggara. Bende is made by striking a knob with a wooden stick without a cloth layer at the end of the swamp.
All these waditras are usually present in every gamelan ajeng performance. However, when the performance takes the form of a bride's procession or kitsune, they usually bring a few drums, especially the not-so-heavy ones (kenong, bende, kempul, and trumpet) while playing the sabil in the village.
Ajeng Betawi gamelan performance
For those who want to order gamelan ajeng, they come to the owner or group leader to negotiate the price, performance time and set performance duration. Upon reaching a contract, the customer hands over a certain amount of "deposit" (deposit) as a "signature".
Also, the manager collects player points to negotiate a pre-agreed delivery time with the customer. If a player cannot participate because his house is far enough away or famous among artists, he will come and pay some money as a porter. The goal is to time the player's performance.
When all players close, the group leader renegotiates the execution time with the customer. Especially when performing at a wedding, the client usually adjusts the gamelan ajeng performance schedule according to the arrival of potential in-laws. Or, if the seeker also invites other arts (single organ), then the performance time depends on the seeker's wishes (either before or after the other art's performance).
On D-Day, an hour and a half or two hours before, the Ageng Gamelan troop would arrive at the site. In the past they used only one pickup truck to transport all staff and Waditra Gamelan Azeng. Currently, when using a performance support sound system, at least two porters are required. The first car brought the players and the second car had Waditra, a sound system and some nice people.
At that time, the cantrikas arranged the sound system and the waditra in two rows on the stage. The front row consists of kramong, saran and gong, while the back row consists of kdemung, percussion, kekrek and trumpet. At the back of the sound system, the number of speakers depends on the width of the stage. Before the speaker sound system, the toa was used, placed next to the waditra clan.
After the waditra is installed and the ceremony begins, the management will perform a sort of ritual to ensure the smooth running of the ceremony. For the area in front of the sacred Waditra stockade called Gong Lanang and Wadon. The offerings ( prasad ) are triangular incense sticks, bitter coffee, sweet coffee, a glass of milk, seven types of flowers, bitter, sweet, a plate of side dishes, and rice and bananas. The offeror is the owner of the intention. So if the owner of the intention is classified as a rich person, then the victim can add Kakakak Hyam, several packs of kretek cigarettes and so on.
After the gamelan begins, a rhythmic Chepot (bend) ritual is struck with the opening song. Then it continues with Rengong Utican Hulls 1 and 2 songs as well as free songs (Chishu, Sioda, Metid, Menurun, Tabuhan Betawi, Taiyub, Kopior, Serondeng etc.) until it ends with the song Uti-Uti Uri (Uti-Uti Uri). Closes before sunset. The sun has set).
Later in the evening, the show started again with the Giro song as the opening act. Then came the simple free songs of Gamelan Azeng. When mukta songs are interspersed with nurup or supplicating songs. In this case listeners can request songs according to their choice. As a sign of intoxication, they give players a certain amount of money or cigarettes.
Around midnight, the Jurup ceremony ends when the song Spinning Top is played again. And with the end of the Giro song, the gamelan ajeng performance also ends. The players from the stage were replaced by Cantrik, which cleared the waditra and sound system. (Ali Guffran)
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